Biogenetics plays an important role in the pathogenesis of depressive disorder in adolescents. Various genetic polymorphism studies have updated the understanding of adolescent depressive disorder. However, due to the influence of gene-environment interaction and age of puberty, the influence of gene polymorphisms on adolescent depressive disorder is complicated to clarify. Investigating and clarifying the relationship…
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Category: Psychiatry
Reliable genotyping of recombinant genomes using a robust hidden Markov model by Rafael Campos-Martin
Meiotic recombination is an essential mechanism during sexual reproduction and includes the exchange of chromosome segments between homologous chromosomes. New allelic combinations are transmitted to the new generation, introducing novel genetic variation in the offspring genomes. With the improvement of high-throughput whole-genome sequencing technologies, large numbers of recombinant individuals can now be sequenced with low…
How can social workers facilitate suicide prevention in primary care? Findings from a national survey of primary care physicians by Mary Christensen
There are currently no national data regarding U.S. Primary Care Physicians’ (PCPs’) suicide screening practices. This study surveyed 302 U.S. PCPs about their current suicide screening practices to identify service gaps and intervention points for social workers. Although one-third of PCPs reported providing screening and safety planning, few were using evidence-based tools. Factors that increased…
An update on potential pharmacotherapies for cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder by Danica E Johnson
INTRODUCTION: Cognitive impairment is a core feature of bipolar disorder (BD) that impedes recovery by preventing the return to optimal socio-occupational functioning and reducing quality of life. Presently, there are no efficacious treatments for cognitive impairment in BD, but many pharmacological interventions are being considered as they have the potential to target the underlying pathophysiology…
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Alprazolam: Implications for Anxiety and Addiction by P M Burkat
CONCLUSIONS: Unbound interstitial brain concentration-time profiles of alprazolam corresponded to changes in β activity, peak saccade velocity, mood improvement, cognitive speed slowing, and DSST scores. Pharmacodynamic models for these endpoints suggest that alprazolam IR maximal effects on cognitive slowing, cognitive impairment, sedation, and mood improvement occur sequentially following the brain concentration-time profile.
Axonal ER Ca2+ Release Selectively Enhances Activity-Independent Glutamate Release in a Huntington Disease Model by James P Mackay
Action potential-independent (miniature) neurotransmission occurs at all chemical synapses, but remains poorly understood, particularly in pathological contexts. Axonal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca^(2+) stores are thought to influence miniature neurotransmission, and aberrant ER Ca^(2+) handling is implicated in progression of Huntington disease (HD). Here, we report elevated miniature excitatory postsynaptic current (mEPSC) frequencies in recordings from…
Modality-specific and modality-independent neural representations work in concert in predictive processes during sequence learning by Teodóra Vékony
Probabilistic sequence learning supports the development of skills and enables predictive processing. It remains contentious whether visuomotor sequence learning is driven by the representation of the visual sequence (perceptual coding) or by the representation of the response sequence (motor coding). Neurotypical adults performed a visuomotor sequence learning task. Learning occurred incidentally as it was evidenced…
Lack of structural brain alterations associated with insomnia: findings from the ENIGMA-Sleep Working Group by Antoine Weihs
Existing neuroimaging studies have reported divergent structural alterations in insomnia disorder (ID). In the present study, we performed a large-scale coordinated meta-analysis by pooling structural brain measures from 1085 subjects (mean [SD] age 50.5 [13.9] years, 50.2% female, 17.4% with insomnia) across three international Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA)-Sleep cohorts. Two sites recruited patients…
Moderation effect of the eveningness chronotype on the relationship between ADHD tendency and Internet addiction by Tomotaka Miyashita
No abstract
The efficacy of intensive sleep retraining for insomnia: A systematic review and research agenda by Hannah Scott
Intensive sleep retraining (ISR) is a brief behavioural treatment for sleep onset insomnia, administered in just a single overnight treatment session. This systematic review evaluates existing trials about the efficacy of intensive sleep retraining for treating insomnia, to inform whether there is enough evidence to recommend its use for clinical practice. A systematic literature search…
Associations of intimate partner violence and maternal comorbidities: a cross-sectional analysis of the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System by Micah Hartwell
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that pregnant individuals reporting having experienced IPV were more likely to report having certain comorbidities compared to those who did not report experiencing IPV. Given the low rates of screening, knowing clinically relevant associations may increase screening sensitivity among clinicians and, in turn, increase the likelihood that individuals experiencing IPV receive…
Pain and insomnia as risk factors for first lifetime onsets of anxiety, depression, and suicidality in adolescence by Sabine Soltani
Chronic pain and mental health problems have both been identified as public health emergencies and co-occur at high rates. This prospective, longitudinal investigation examined whether chronic pain status, pain-related symptoms (intensity, interference), pain catastrophizing, and insomnia severity predicted first lifetime onset of depressive and/or anxiety disorders as well as suicidality in a cohort of youth…
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